Journal
ELECTROANALYSIS
Volume 31, Issue 4, Pages 695-703Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800710
Keywords
Allura red; Carbon paste; Modified electrodes; Cobalt (II; III) oxide
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Funding
- Department of Chemistry of the Universidad de los Andes
- School of Science of the Universidad de los Andes
- Universidad de Ibague [16-416 INT, 18-541-INT]
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The detection of Allura red (AR) by electrochemical reduction using a different electrode from the conventional mercury electrode is presented. A carbon paste with cobalt (II, III) oxide composite electrode (CoOx/CPE) is reported for the first time for the detection of AR. Moreover, others dyes such as tartrazine (TZ), sunset yellow (SY), amaranth (AM), Ponceaut 4-R (P-4R), and Sudan (SD) as well as pharmaceutical agents such as paracetamol (PMC) that are present in samples that contained AR did not show a reduced signal between 0.0 and -0.3 V, which is the potential range where AR reduction was observed. The surface electroactivity was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The presence of CoOX increased the cathodic peak current for AR by more than 50 % and 65 % via CV and square wave voltammetry (SWV), respectively, compared with an unmodified carbon paste electrode. Under the optimal parameters, (pH=3.0, accumulation time (t(ACC))=60 s and accumulation potential (E-ACC)=0.50 V), the detection limit for AR was 0.05 mu mol L-1. The new sensor was sensitive and stable for the detection of AR. Moreover, it was easily manufactured and very convenient for food samples such as soft and isotonic drinks as well as chili sauce.
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