Clinical Features and Prognosis of Pulmonary Lymphoepithelioma-like Carcinoma: Summary of Eighty-five Cases

Pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PLELC) is a rare subtype of lung cancer. This retrospective analysis of 85 patients with PLELC was conducted to find the prognostic factors and to explore better treatment. PLELC had a better prognosis. Surgery was recommended mainly for the early stage and multimodality treatment for the advanced stage. Background: Pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PLELC) is a rare subtype of lung cancer that is less reported and not well-understood. Materials and Methods: We investigated the clinical features of 85 patients with PLELC to determine the prognostic factors. Results: PLELC preferentially affected the young (71.8%) and nonsmokers (72.9%), without a significant difference in gender. Most (50.6%) patients were at the early stage with opportunity for operation, and patients at advanced stages mainly received multimodality treatment. The median follow-up duration was 17 months (range, 1-39 months) for the whole group, and the 3-year overall survival rate for patients in the early stage was 100%, whereas the 1-year and 2-year overall survival rate for patients in the advanced stage were 93% and 77%, respectively. The tumor stages (P = .031), distant lymph node metastasis (P = .035) and performance status (P = .008) were associated with progression-free survival in the univariate analysis, whereas performance status was an independent prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis (P = .016). The median progression-free survival in the paclitaxel plus platinum (12 months) group and gemcitabine plus platinum (10 months) group were significantly longer than that in the pemetrexed plus platinum (5 months) group (P = .001). Conclusion: PLELC had a better prognosis compared with other types of non-small-cell lung cancer and was sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Gemcitabine plus platinum and paclitaxel plus platinum should be used as first-line treatment of PLELC, whereas the second-line treatment, if necessary, was always decided by the managing oncologist. The tumor stages and performance status were predictive in the prognosis of patients with PLELC. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.