Journal
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
Volume 25, Issue 13, Pages 3209-3218Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804747
Keywords
carbon; microporous materials; nanostructures; self-assembly; template synthesis
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21473021, 21506022]
- Cheung Kong Scholars Program of China [T2015036]
- National Science Foundation for Post-doctoral Scientists of China [2015M581336]
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Microporous carbons afford high surface areas, large pore volumes, and good conductivity, and are fascinating over a wide range of applications. Traditionally synthesized microporous carbon materials usually suffer from some limitations, such as poor accessibility and slow mass transport of molecules due to the micrometer-scale diffusion pathways and space confinement imposed by small pore sizes. Two-dimensional microporous carbon materials, denoted as microporous carbon nanosheets (MCNs), possess nanoscale thickness, which allows fast mass and heat transport along the z axis; thus overcoming the drawbacks of their bulk counterparts. Herein, recent breakthroughs in the synthetic strategies for MCNs are summarized. Three typical methods are discussed in detail with several examples: pyrolysis of organic precursors with 2D units, a templating method that uses wet chemistry, and the molten salt method. Among them, molecular-based assembly of MCNs in the liquid phase shows more controllable morphology, thickness, and pore size distribution. Finally, challenges in this research area are discussed to inspire future explorations.
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