Journal
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Volume 355, Issue -, Pages 974-985Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2018.08.178
Keywords
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs); Chemical functionalization; Laccase; Immobilization; CNTs-based polysulfone membranes; Wastewater treatment
Categories
Funding
- FEDER through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizacao (POCI) [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006984, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031268]
- FCT/MCTES Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia
- FCT/MEC [FCT UID/CTM/50011/2013]
- FEDER
- FCT [SFRH/BPD/110423/2015, PD/BD/52623/2014, IF/01634/2015]
- FCT Investigator Programme [IF/00514/2014]
- European Social Fund
- Human Potential Operational Programme
- University of Granada, Programme: Proyectos de Investigacion para la Incorporacion de Jovenes Doctores
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Chemically functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used as carriers for laccase immobilization. In this work, CNTs were modified using different approaches with a combination of methods involving hydrothermal oxidation with nitric acid, treatment with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, glutaraldehyde, N-ethyl-N-(3-(dimethyl-amino)- propyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide. The enzyme immobilization efficiency and recovered activity were evaluated towards 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzathiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) biocatalytic oxidation. The best compromise between immobilization efficiency and recovered activity was obtained using the CNTs functionalized with 0.3M HNO3, treated with N-ethyl-N-(3-(dimethylamino) propyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide. This catalyst also showed the best thermal stability (at 50 and 60 degrees C). The bioconjugate based on this material was characterized by vibrational spectroscopies (FTIR and Raman) and by N-2 adsorption. The results from reutilization tests showed that laccase activity was kept above 65% of its initial value after five consecutive cycles of reuse. The biocatalytic performance of the immobilized enzyme was evaluated for the degradation of a mixture of phenolic compounds in water containing phenol, resorcinol, 4-methoxyphenol and 4-chlorophenol. As means of cost efficient to enzyme reutilization, laccase was immobilized over polysulfone membranes blended with the functionalized CNTs and studied in the degradation of 4-methoxyphenol.
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