Journal
CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH
Volume 473, Issue -, Pages 123-128Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.12.011
Keywords
ADP-Heptose; Biosynthesis; Innate immunity; LPS; Modulator
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [U01GM116263]
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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a well-known pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) produced by gram-negative bacteria. Previous studies showed that a key metabolic intermediate in LPS biosynthesis, D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate (HBP), could activate the NF-kappa B pathway and trigger the innate immune responses. However, it was unclear whether HBP could be a novel PAMP and its pattern recognition receptor (PRR) is not fully understood. Very recently, the Shao group reported that another key metabolic intermediate in LPS biosynthesis, ADP-heptose, could be transported into mammalian cells and bind with ALPK1 (alpha-kinase 1), which leads to a series of strong immune responses. These findings broaden our understanding on bacterial metabolites as a new type of PAMP and these small molecules hold great potential to be applied in the development of novel immune modulators. This minireview focuses on the roles of ADP-heptose related metabolites in innate immunity.
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