Journal
BMC MEDICINE
Volume 16, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-018-1189-1
Keywords
Weight gain; Pregnancy; Charts; References
Categories
Funding
- ABCD
- Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) [40-00812-98-11010]
- ALSPAC
- UK Medical Research Council [102215/2/13/2]
- University of Bristol provide core support fog ALSPAC
- US National Institute of Health [R01 DK10324]
- European Research Council under the European Union [669545]
- UK MRC [MQ_UU_12013/5, NF-Sl-0611-10196, 4200700595]
- Alberta Children's Hospital Foundation
- Max Bell Foundation
- DNBC The Danish National Research Foundation
- Pharmacy Foundation
- Egmont Foundation
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- Augustinus Foundation
- Health Foundation
- Lundbeck Foundation [195/04]
- Danish Medical Research Council [SWF 0646]
- EDEN
- Foundation for medical research (FRM), National Agency for Research (ANR)
- National Institute for Research in Public health
- French Ministry of Health (DGS)
- French Ministry of Research, INSERM Bone and Joint Diseases National Research (PRO-A)
- French National Institute for h-lealth Education (APES)
- European Union [289346]
- (ENRIECO, Medall projects), Diabetes National Re.search Program
- Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale a complementary health inswance (MGEN)
- French national agency for food security, French-speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM)
- US National Institutes of Health Fogarty International Center, US NIEHS
- US PA
- National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine
- GASPII Ministry of Health
- GECKO Drenthe The GECKO - Hutchison Whampoa Ld, Hong Kong
- University of Groningen
- Paediatric Association Of The Netherlands and Youth Health Care Drenthe
- Erasmus MC
- Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw)
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport and Ministry of Youth and Families
- Dutch Heart Foundation [2017T013]
- Dutch Diabetes Foundation [2017.81.002]
- Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development
- European Research Council [ERC-2014-CoG-648916]
- Pmgrama Operational de Saude-Saude XXI, Quadro Comunitario de Apoio III
- Administracao Regional de Saude Norte (Regional Department of Ministry of Health) - FEDER through the Operational Programme Competitiveness and Internationalization
- Foundation for Science and Technology FCT (Portuguese Minstry of Science, Technology and Higher Education) [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016837]
- FCT [PIDc/DTP-EP1/3306/2014]
- Unidade de Investigacao em Epiclemiologia-Instituto de Saude Publica da Universidade do Porte (EPIUnit) [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006862, IF/01060/2015]
- Friesland Foods Hellas
- Fonds de recherche du Quebec en sante (FRQ-S) [4206971]
- Canadian Institute of Health Reseach (CIHR) [115071]
- Diabete Quebec grant
- Canadian Diabetes Association [OG-3-08-2622]
- (Federal Ministry for Education, Science, Research and Technology I:interventional arm)
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munich
- Research Institute at Marien-Hospital Wesel
- IUF-Leibniz Research-Institute for Environmental Medicine at the University of Dusseldorp
- Federal Ministry for Environment
- Commission of the European Communities
- Mead Johnson and Nestle
- HUMIS European Community [289346]
- Norwegian Research Council's MILPAAHEL programme [213148]
- Institute de Salad Carlos III [Red INMA G03/176]
- Genera tat de Catalunya-CIRIT [1999SGR 00241]
- UE [P7-ENV-2011 cod 282957, HEALTH2010.2.4.5-1]
- Spain: ISCIII [G03/176]
- FIS-FEDER [P109/02647, PI11/01007, PI11/02591, PI11/02038, PI13/2032, P114/00891, PI14/01687, PI16/1288, Miguel Servet-FEDER CP11/00178, CP15/00025, CPII16/00051]
- Generalitat Valenciana: FISABIO [Red INMA G03/176, UGP 15-230, UGP-15-244, UGP-15-249]
- KOALA Data collection for the KOALA study from pregnancy up to age 1
- Royal Friesland Foods (Leeuwarden)
- Trio dos Foundation
- Phoenix Foundation
- Raphael Foundation
- Iona Foundation
- Foundation for the Advancement of Heilpedagogie
- NIEHS R01 grants entitled: Vulnerability of the Fetus/Infant [PM2.5, R01ES010165, R01ES015282]
- Lundin Foundation
- John and Wendy Neu Family Foundation
- Gladys and Roland Harriman Foundation
- Anonymous Foundation
- Federal Ministry for Education Science, Research and Technology
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Research Institute at Marien-Hospital Wesel
- Helmholtz Centre for Enironmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Research Institute at Marien-Hospital Wesel
- Federal Ministry for Environment (IUF-Dussedorf) [FKZ 204622961]
- Commission of the FaMpean Communities
- Academy of Finland [121569, 123571]
- Juho Vainio Foundation
- Foundation for Pediatric Research
- Paivikki and Saran Sohlberg Foundation
- Finnish Cultural Foundation
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland
- Norwegian [Ministry of Health and Care]
- Ministry of Education and Research, NIH/NIEHS [N01-ES-75558]
- NIH/NINDS [1 UO1 NS 047537-01, 2 UO1 NS 047537-06A1]
- Compagnia San Paolo Fundation
- Piedmont Region
- French National Research Agency [ANR-2010-PRSP-007]
- French Research Institute for Public Health [AMC11004NSA-DGS]
- PIAMA
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research
- Netherlands Asthma Fund
- Netherlands Ministry of Spatial Planning, Housing
- Netherlands Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Sport
- Italian National Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CCM)
- Italian Ministry of Health [12 bis D.Igs 502/92]
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences
- Lung Foundation Netherlands
- Project Viva National Institutes of Health [R01 HD034568, UGOD023286]
- RAINE Study The Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort - Australian National Health and Medical Research Council
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Healthway
- Lions Eye Institute in Western Australia
- University of Western Australia (UWA), Curtin University
- Raine Medical Research Foundation
- Telethon Kids Institute
- Women's and Infant's Research Foundation
- Murdoch University, The University of Notre Dame Australia
- Edith Cowan University
- REPRO_PL National Science Centre, Poland [DEC-2014/15/3/NZ7/00998]
- FP7 HEALS [603946]
- Ministry of Science and Higher Education [3068/7]
- RHEA
- European projects [EU FP6-2003-Food-3-NewGeneris]
- STREP Hiwate, EU [FP7 ENV.2007.1222, 211250]
- EU [EU FP7 ENV.2008.1.2.1.6, 226285]
- Greer: Ministry of Health (Program of Prevention of obesity and ileuMdevelopmental disorders in preschool children)
- US National Institutes of Health [R01 CA096525, R03 TW007152, P30 E5001247, K12 ES019852]
- University of Turku
- Abo Akademi University
- Turku University Hospital
- City of Turku
- Juno Vainio Foundation
- Yrjo Jahnsson Foundation
- Medical Research Council, National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre
- University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust
- Medical Research council
- Dunhill Medical Trust
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [R01HD034568] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER [R03TW007152] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R01CA096525] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [P30DK048520, R01DK103246] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES [K12ES019852, R01ES010165, P30ES001247, R01ES015282] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [U01NS047537] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH [UG3OD023286] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- MRC [MC_UP_A620_1017, MC_UU_12013/5, MC_UU_12011/4] Funding Source: UKRI
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BackgroundGestational weight gain differs according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and is related to the risks of adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Gestational weight gain charts for women in different pre-pregnancy body mass index groups enable identification of women and offspring at risk for adverse health outcomes. We aimed to construct gestational weight gain reference charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1, 2 and 3 obese women and to compare these charts with those obtained in women with uncomplicated term pregnancies.MethodsWe used individual participant data from 218,216 pregnant women participating in 33 cohorts from Europe, North America, and Oceania. Of these women, 9065 (4.2%), 148,697 (68.1%), 42,678 (19.6%), 13,084 (6.0%), 3597 (1.6%), and 1095 (0.5%) were underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1, 2, and 3 obese women, respectively. A total of 138, 517 women from 26 cohorts had pregnancies with no hypertensive or diabetic disorders and with term deliveries of appropriate for gestational age at birth infants. Gestational weight gain charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grade 1, 2, and 3 obese women were derived by the Box-Cox t method using the generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape.ResultsWe observed that gestational weight gain strongly differed per maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index group. The median (interquartile range) gestational weight gain at 40weeks was 14.2kg (11.4-17.4) for underweight women, 14.5kg (11.5-17.7) for normal weight women, 13.9kg (10.1-17.9) for overweight women, and 11.2kg (7.0-15.7), 8.7kg (4.3-13.4) and 6.3kg (1.9-11.1) for grades 1, 2, and 3 obese women, respectively. The rate of weight gain was lower in the first half than in the second half of pregnancy. No differences in the patterns of weight gain were observed between cohorts or countries. Similar weight gain patterns were observed in mothers without pregnancy complications.ConclusionsGestational weight gain patterns are strongly related to pre-pregnancy body mass index. The derived charts can be used to assess gestational weight gain in etiological research and as a monitoring tool for weight gain during pregnancy in clinical practice.
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