Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
Volume 132, Issue 4, Pages 420-436Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.09.027
Keywords
Autonomic disorders; Autonomic failure; Hypocapnic cerebral hypoperfusion; Orthostatic cerebral hypoperfusion syndrome; Postural tachycardia syndrome; Small fiber neuropathy
Categories
Funding
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital
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Autonomic complaints are frequently encountered in clinical practice. They can be due to primary autonomic disorders or secondary to other medical conditions. Primary autonomic disorders can be categorized as orthostatic intolerance syndromes and small fiber neuropathies; the latter are associated with autonomic failure, pain, or their combinations. The review outlines orthostatic intolerance syndromes (neurally mediated syncope, orthostatic hypotension, postural tachycardia syndrome, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, orthostatic cerebral hypoperfusion syndrome, and hypocapnic cerebral hypoperfusion) and small fiber neuropathies (sensory/autonomic/mixed, acute/subacute/chronic, idiopathic/secondary, inflammatory and noninflammatory). Several specific autonomic syndromes (diabetic neuropathy, primary hyperhidrosis, paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity, autonomic dysreflexia), neurogenic bladder, and gastrointestinal motility disorders are discussed as well. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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