Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 30, Issue 49, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805159
Keywords
biochar; interfacial; kinetic; solar steam; sterilization
Categories
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFA0205700]
- State Key Program for Basic Research of China [2015CB659300]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11874211, 11574143, 21805132, 11621091, 61735008]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20180341]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [021314380135, 021314380128]
- Swiss National Science Foundation [P2SKP2_168301]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [P2SKP2_168301] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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Steam sterilization is widely used as one of the most reliable sterilization methods for public health. However, traditional steam sterilization mainly relies on electricity, a constrained resource for many developing countries and areas. The lack of available and affordable sterilization techniques in these areas is exposing human beings to a high risk of various epidemic diseases, and calls for the development of off-grid sterilization solutions. For the first time, the kinetic advantages of interfacial solar steam generation is fundamentally revealed and it is demonstrated that interfacial solar steam generation can enable fast-responsive (as short as 8.4 min for a full sterilization cycle) and energy-efficient (100 J mL(-1) for steam reaching 121 degrees C) sterilization, superior to those of the conventional sterilization techniques. The key solar absorber is made of low cost and widely available biochar. A proof-of-concept sterilization system with a 10.5 L solar autoclave is built with very low cost of whole life-cycle and operates with minimum carbon footprint. Effective sterilization (approximate to 99.999999% inactivation of pathogen), exceeding the requirements of Food and Drug Administration is demonstrated, making the sterilization strategy a promising and complementary personalized sterilization solution, particularly beneficial for off-grid areas.
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