Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 31, Issue 13, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804799
Keywords
carbon-based metal-free electrocatalysts; fuel cells; multidoping; nitrogen doping; oxygen reduction reaction
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFA0206500]
- NSFC [51232003, 51571110, 21573107]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [020514380126]
- U.S. Department of Energy Fuel Cell Technologies Office
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Replacing precious platinum with earth-abundant materials for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells has been the objective worldwide for several decades. In the last 10 years, the fastest-growing branch in this area has been carbon-based metal-free ORR electrocatalysts. Great progress has been made in promoting the performance and understanding the underlying fundamentals. Here, a comprehensive review of this field is presented by emphasizing the emerging issues including the predictive design and controllable construction of porous structures and doping configurations, mechanistic understanding from the model catalysts, integrated experimental and theoretical studies, and performance evaluation in full cells. Centering on these topics, the most up-to-date results are presented, along with remarks and perspectives for the future development of carbon-based metal-free ORR electrocatalysts.
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