Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 29, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201807758
Keywords
electrothermal control; high thermal sensitivity; optoelectronic devices; silver nanowires; upconversion nanoparticles
Categories
Funding
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brazil (CAPES) [001]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2011/19924-2, 2012/04870-7, 2012/05903-6, 2015/21290-2, 2015/21289-4]
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia/Ministerio da Educacao e Ciencia (FCT/MEC) [FCT UID/CTM/50011/2013]
- FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement
- FCT [PTDC/CTM-NAN/4647/2014, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016687]
- European Union's Horizon 2020 FET Open programme [801305]
- postdoctoral FAPESP fellowship [2015/23882-4]
- BEPE [2018/12489-8]
- SusPhotoSolutions project [CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000005]
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The hasty progress in smart, portable, flexible, and transparent integrated electronics and optoelectronics is currently one of the driving forces in nanoscience and nanotechnology. A promising approach is the combination of transparent conducting electrode materials (e.g., silver nanowires, AgNWs) and upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs). Here, electrochromic devices based on transparent nanocomposite films of poly(methyl methacrylate) and AgNWs covered by UCNPs of different sizes and compositions are developed. By combining the electrical control of the heat dissipation in AgNW networks with size-dependent thermal properties of UCNPs, tunable electrochromic transparent devices covering a broad range of the chromatic diagrams are fabricated. As illustrative examples, devices mixing large-sized (>70 nm) beta-NaYF4:Yb,Ln and small-sized (<15 nm) NaGdF4:Yb,Ln@NaYF4 core@shell UCNPs (Ln = Tm, Er, Ce/Ho) are presented, permitting to monitor the temperature-dependent emission of the particles by the intensity ratio of the Er3+ 2H11/2 and S-4(3/2) -> I-4(15/2) emission lines, while externally controlling the current flow in the AgNW network. Moreover, by defining a new thermometric parameter involving the intensity ratio of transitions of large- and small-sized UCNPs, a relative thermal sensitivity of 5.88% K-1 (at 339 K) is obtained, a sixfold improvement over the values reported so far.
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