Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 12, Issue 12, Pages 12912-12922Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08266
Keywords
Ni-rich layered oxide cathode; AIF(3) coating; gradient cathode; Na-ion batteries; O3-type cathode; degradation mechanism; HR-TEM
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Funding
- Welch Foundation [F-1131, F-1436]
- National Science Foundation [CBET-1603491]
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O3-type Na[NixCoyMnz]O-2 materials are attractive cathodes for sodium-ion batteries because of their full cell fabrication practicality, high energy density, and relatively easy technology transfer arising from their similarity to Li[NixCoyMnz]O-2 materials, yet their performance viability with Ni-rich composition (x >= 0.6) is still doubtful. More importantly, their capacity degradation mechanism remains to be established. In this paper, we introduce an O3-type Ni-rich AIF(3)-coated nanorod gradient Na[Ni0.65Co0.08Mn0.27]O-2 cathode with enhanced electro-chemical performance in both half-cells and full cells. AIF(3)-coated nanorod gradient Na[Ni0.65Co0.08Mn0.27]O-2 particles were synthesized through a combination of dry ball-mill coating and columnar composition gradient design and deliver a discharge capacity of 168 mAh g(-1) with 90% capacity retention in half cells (50 cycles) and 132 mAh g(-1) with 90% capacity retention in full cells (200 cycles) at 75 mA g(-1) (0.5C, 1.5-4.1 V). Through analysis of the cycled electrodes, the capacity-degradation mechanism was unraveled in O3-type Ni-rich Na[NixCoyMnz]O-2 from a structural perspective with emphasis on high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, providing valuable information on improving O3-type Na[NixCoyMnz]O-2 cathode performance.
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