Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 12, Issue 11, Pages 11013-11021Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05099
Keywords
omniphobic; hydrophobic; reentrant nanocavity; condensation; nucleation
Categories
Funding
- Masdar Institute of Science and Technology (Masdar Institute), Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA [02/MI/MIT/CP/11/07633/GEN/G/00]
- Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC)
- Office of Naval Research (ONR)
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [1122374]
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research
- National Science Foundation [ECS-0335765]
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Omniphobic surfaces based on reentrant surface structures repel all liquids, regardless of the surface material, without requiring low-surface-energy coatings. Although omniphobic surfaces have been designed and demonstrated, they can fail during condensation, a phenomenon ubiquitous in both nature and industrial applications. Specifically, as condensate nucleates within the reentrant geometry, omniphobicity is destroyed. Here, we show a nanostructured surface that can repel liquids even during condensation. This surface consists of isolated reentrant cavities with a pitch on the order of 100 nm to prevent droplets from nucleating and spreading within all structures. We developed a model to guide surface design and subsequently fabricated and tested these surfaces with various liquids. We demonstrated repellency to 10 degrees C below the dew point and showed durability over 3 weeks. This work provides important insights for achieving robust, omniphobic surfaces.
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