Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 10, Issue 49, Pages 42030-42038Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15619
Keywords
implantable nanogenerator; energy harvesting from respiration; implantable medical devices; battery free system; direct-current micro-power source
Funding
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering of the National Institutes of Health [R01EB021336]
- National Institutes of Health [P30CA014520]
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In vivo biomechanical energy harvesting by implanted nano-generators (i-NGs) is promising for self-powered implantable medical devices (IMDs). One critical challenge to reach practical applications is the requirement of continuous direct-current (dc) output, while the low-frequency body activities typically generate discrete electrical pulses. Here, we developed an ultra-stretchable micrograting i-NG system that could function as a battery-free dc micro-power supply. Packaged by a soft silicone elastomer with a cavity design, the i-NG exhibited an ultralow Young's modulus of similar to 45 kPa and a high biocompatibility to soft biological tissues. The i-NG was implanted inside the abdominal cavity of Sprague Dawley adult rats and directly converted the slow diaphragm movement during normal respiration into a high-frequency alternative current electrical output, which was readily transmitted into a continuous similar to 2.2 V dc output after being integrated with a basic electrical circuit. A light-emitting diode was constantly operated by the breath-driven i-NG without the aid of any battery component. This solely biomechanical energy-driven dc micro-power supply offers a promising solution for the development of self-powered IMDs.
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