Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 11, Issue 6, Pages 6136-6142Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b21395
Keywords
lithium-sulfur batteries; organopolysulfide; polyethylene hexasulfide; high-sulfur-content polymer; electrochemistry
Funding
- Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) [DE-EE0007218]
- Thousand Youth Talents Program of China
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Polyethylene hexasulfide (PEHS) is investigated as a cathode material in lithium batteries. By utilizing a condensation reaction, ethylene groups are inserted between six linear sulfurs in a chain to obtain PEHS while simultaneously exercising control over the polysulfur chain length. Additionally, by selecting a low-molecular weight organic group, PENS contains 87 wt % sulfur, thus maximizing the material-level specific capacity to 1217 mA h g(-1). Furthermore, this synthesis method is validated using a host of materials characterization techniques. In a battery, PEHS prevents the formation of soluble long-chain intermediates that plague traditional sulfur cathodes. This enables a high material-level capacity of 774 mA h g(-1) at 1C-rate alongside a stable performance over 350 cycles with a capacity fade rate of only 0.083% per cycle. We also elucidate the unique reaction pathway of our short-chain polysulfur material and provide a useful foundation for further development of sulfur-containing polymer-based cathode materials.
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