Journal
BIOFUELS-UK
Volume 4, Issue 3, Pages 323-340Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.4155/BFS.13.15
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Funding
- US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under Department of Energy Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
- US Department of Energy [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
- National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture [WIS01521]
- Wisconsin Bioenergy Initiative at the University of Wisconsin
- US Department of Energy, Golden Field Office [DE-EE0005071]
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Securing biofuels project financing is challenging, in part because of risks in feedstock supply. Commoditization of the feedstock and decoupling its supply from the biorefinery will promote greater economies of scale, reduce feedstock supply risk and reduce the need for overdesign of biorefinery pretreatment technologies. We present benefits and detractions of applying low-severity chemical treatments or 'chemical preconversion treatments' to enable this approach through feedstock modification and densification early in the supply chain. General structural modifications to biomass that support cost-effective densification and transportation are presented, followed by available chemistries to achieve these modifications with minimal yield loss and the potential for harvesting value in local economies. A brief review of existing biomass pretreatment technologies for cellulolytic hydrolysis at biorefineries is presented, followed by a discussion toward economically applying the underlying chemistries at reduced severity in light of capital and operational limitations of small-scale feedstock depots.
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