Journal
DIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY-TARGETS AND THERAPY
Volume 7, Issue -, Pages 211-223Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/DMSO.S50789
Keywords
islet transplantation; type I diabetes mellitus; Edmonton Protocol; engraftment; immunosuppression
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Funding
- Alberta Diabetes Institute/University of Alberta
- MITACS government of Canada-Industry-Academic partnership grant
- Izaak Walton Killam Scholarship
- AIHS CRIO Team Award [201201154]
- Government of Saudi Arabia
- Canada Research Chair (CRC) in Transplantation Surgery and Regenerative Medicine
- Alberta Innovates Healthcare Solutions (AIHS)
- Alberta Healthcare
- Collaborative Islet Transplant Consortium (CIT) through the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney (NIDDK)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
- Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF)
- Diabetes Research Institute Foundation of Canada (DRIFCan)
- CIHR [TFU 127880]
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Islet transplantation is a well-established therapeutic treatment for a subset of patients with complicated type I diabetes mellitus. Prior to the Edmonton Protocol, only 9% of the 267 islet transplant recipients since 1999 were insulin independent for.1 year. In 2000, the Edmonton group reported the achievement of insulin independence in seven consecutive patients, which in a collaborative team effort propagated expansion of clinical islet transplantation centers worldwide in an effort to ameliorate the consequences of this disease. To date, clinical islet transplantation has established improved success with insulin independence rates up to 5 years post-transplant with minimal complications. In spite of marked clinical success, donor availability and selection, engraftment, and side effects of immunosuppression remain as existing obstacles to be addressed to further improve this therapy. Clinical trials to improve engraftment, the availability of insulin-producing cell sources, as well as alternative transplant sites are currently under investigation to expand treatment. With ongoing experimental and clinical studies, islet transplantation continues to be an exciting and attractive therapy to treat type I diabetes mellitus with the prospect of shifting from a treatment for some to a cure for all.
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