Journal
ADIPOCYTE
Volume 4, Issue 1, Pages 50-54Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.4161/adip.29853
Keywords
adipokine; adipocyte; Brown fat; BRITE adipocyte; beige adipocyte; metabolism; neuregulin; Nrg4; thermogenesis; white fat
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Funding
- BBSRC [BB/H020233/1]
- EU FP7 project DIABAT [HEALTH-F2-2011-278373]
- Wellcome Trust [WT093082MA]
- Genesis Research Trust
- BBSRC [BB/H020233/1, BB/H020233/2] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/H020233/1, BB/H020233/2] Funding Source: researchfish
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Brown adipocytes help to maintain body temperature by the expression of a unique set of genes that facilitate cellular metabolic events including uncoupling protein 1-dependent thermogenesis. The dissipation of energy in brown adipose tissue (BAT) is in stark contrast to white adipose tissue (WAT) which is the body's primary site of energy storage. However, adipose tissue is highly dynamic and upon cold exposure profound changes occur in WAT resulting in a BAT-like phenotype due to the presence of brown-in-white (BRITE) adipocytes. In our recent report, transcription profiling was used to identify the gene expression changes that underlie the browning process as well as the intrinsic differences between BAT and WAT. Neuregulin 4 was categorized as a cold-induced BAT gene encoding an adipokine that signals between adipocytes and nerve cells and likely to have a role in increasing adipose tissue innervation in response to cold.
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