4.6 Article

The potential and hurdles of targeted alpha therapy - clinical trials and beyond

Journal

FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
Volume 3, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00324

Keywords

targeted alpha therapy; alpha emitters; radionuclide therapy; dosimetry; ovarian cancer; cancer

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This article presents a general discussion on what has been achieved so far and on the possible future developments of targeted alpha (alpha)-particle therapy (TAT). Clinical applications and potential benefits of TAT are addressed as well as the drawbacks, such as the limited availability of relevant radionuclides. Alpha-particles have a particular advantage in targeted therapy because of their high potency and specificity. These features are due to their densely ionizing track structure and short path length. The most important consequence, and the major difference compared with the more widely used 1-particle emitters, is that single targeted cancer cells can be killed by self-irradiation with alpha-particles. Several clinical trials on TAT have been reported, completed, or are on-going: four using Bi-213, two with At-211, two with Ac-225, and one with (212)pb/Bi-212. Important and conceptual proof-of-principle of the therapeutic advantages of alpha-particle therapy has come from clinical studies with Ra-223-dichloride therapy, showing clear benefits in castration-resistant prostate cancer.

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