Journal
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
Volume 120, Issue 9, Pages 7918-7925Publisher
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1002/2014JA020879
Keywords
GPS; total electron content; traveling ionospheric disturbances; gravity waves; tsunami
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41474025, 41204030]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2014214020201]
- Surveying and Mapping Foundation Research Fund Program, National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation [13-02-07, 12-02-010]
- New Zealand GeoNet project
- EQC
- GNS Science
- LINZ
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A tsunami propagating in open ocean can produce gravity waves and thus perturb the ionosphere. In this study, we employ a second-order numerical difference method using GPS total electron content observed in New Zealand to detect the ionospheric disturbances triggered by the Chile tsunami that occurred on 1 April 2014. We observe traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs), which have similar horizontal velocity and direction as the tsunami waves, at different times after the event. According to the arrival times, the latter TIDs (about 14.5-15h after earthquake) can be attributed to the tsunami waves whereas the former one (about 12h 30min after earthquake) could be related to other sources. This suggests that besides the propagation velocity and direction, the arrival time is also necessary to distinguish tsunami-driven TIDs correctly. Furthermore, we observe the phenomenon that the detected tsunami-driven TIDs are superimposed upon other nontsunami-driven ionospheric perturbations far away from the epicenter. The superimposed TIDs eventually separate due to their different propagation velocities.
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