Journal
CANCERS
Volume 6, Issue 4, Pages 2137-2154Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cancers6042137
Keywords
pancreatic cancer; desmoplasia; drug resistance; SFM-DR; CAM-DR; de novo resistance; cancer stem cells; matrix; future therapies
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Funding
- Ministry for Science, Research
- Ministry for Science, Research and the Arts (MWK), Stuttgart, Germany, from the Hans & Lore Graf Stiftung, Kaiserslautern, Germany
- National Swedish Science Foundation [VR K2008-55X-20655-01-3]
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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) occurs mainly in people older than 50 years of age. Although great strides have been taken in treating PDAC over the past decades its incidence nearly equals its mortality rate and it was quoted as the 4th leading cause of cancer deaths in the U.S. in 2012. This review aims to focus on research models and scientific developments that help to explain the extraordinary resistance of PDAC towards current therapeutic regimens. Furthermore, it highlights the main features of drug resistance including mechanisms promoted by cancer cells or cancer stem cells (CSCs), as well as stromal cells, and the acellular components surrounding the tumor cells-known as peritumoral desmoplasia-that affects intra-tumoral drug delivery. Finally, therapeutic concepts and avenues for future research are suggested, based on the topics discussed.
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