Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF VISION SCIENCE, VOL 4
Volume 4, Issue -, Pages 165-192Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-vision-091517-034048
Keywords
motion detection; synaptic circuit; synapses; retina; direction selectivity; starburst amacrine cell
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Funding
- NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE [R01EY024016] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NEI NIH HHS [R01 EY024016] Funding Source: Medline
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Visual motion on the retina activates a cohort of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). This population activity encodes multiple streams of information extracted by parallel retinal circuits. Motion processing in the retina is best studied in the direction-selective circuit. The main focus of this review is the neural basis of direction selectivity, which has been investigated in unprecedented detail using state-of-the-art functional, connectomic, and modeling methods. Mechanisms underlying the encoding of other motion features by broader RGC populations are also discussed. Recent discoveries at both single-cell and population levels highlight the dynamic and stimulus-dependent engagement of multiple mechanisms that collectively implement robust motion detection under diverse visual conditions.
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