On the origin of pressure andmagnetic perturbations ahead of dipolarization fronts

Dipolarization fronts (DFs), earthward-propagating structures in the Earth's magnetotail current sheet with sharp enhancements of the northward magnetic field B-z, are typically preceded by minor decreases in B-z. Other characteristic DF precursor signatures, including earthward flows and plasma density/pressure enhancements, have been explained in the context of ion acceleration and reflection at dipolarization fronts. In the same context here we simulate the spatial distribution of plasma pressure earthward of a convex DF. The resultant pressure distribution, which shows clear dawn-dusk asymmetries with greater enhancements at the DF duskside, agrees with statistical observations. The simulation further reveals that the reflected ions can carry a secondary current earthward of the advancing DF, which explains the characteristic signature of the B-z dip immediately ahead of the DF.