Correlation of river water and local sea-ice melting on the Laptev Sea shelf (Siberian Arctic)

Hydrographic and stable isotope (delta O-18) data from four summer surveys in the Laptev Sea are used to derive fractions of sea-ice meltwater and river water. Sea-ice meltwater fractions are found to be correlated to river water fractions. While initial heat of river discharge is too small to melt the observed 0-158 km(3) of sea-ice meltwater, arctic rivers contain suspended particles and colored dissolved organic material that preferentially absorb solar radiation. Accordingly, heat content in surface waters is correlated to river water fractions. But in years when river water is largely absent within the surface layer, absolute heat content values increase to considerably higher values with extended exposure time to solar radiation and sensible heat. Nevertheless, no net sea-ice melting is observed on the shelf in years when river water is largely absent within the surface layer. The total freshwater volume of the central-eastern Laptev Sea (72-76 degrees N, 122-140 degrees E) varies between similar to 1000 and 1500 km(3) (34.92 reference salinity). It is dominated by varying river water volumes (similar to 1300-1800 km(3)) reduced by an about constant freshwater deficit (similar to 350-400 km(3)) related to sea-ice formation. Net sea-ice melt (similar to 109-158 km(3)) is only present in years with high river water budgets. Intermediate to bottom layer (>25 salinities) contain similar to 60% and 30% of the river budget in years with low and high river budgets, respectively. The average mean residence time of shelf waters was similar to 2-3 years during 2007-2009. Citation: Bauch, D., J. A. Holemann, A. Nikulina, C. Wegner, M. A. Janout, L. A. Timokhov, and H. Kassens (2013), Correlation of river water and local sea-ice melting on the Laptev Sea shelf (Siberian Arctic), J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 118, 550-561, doi:10.1002/jgrc.20076.