Journal
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
Volume 118, Issue 1, Pages 277-289Publisher
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1002/jgrb.50067
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Funding
- National Science Foundation Office of International Science
- Engineering East Asia and Pacific Summer Institutes Program
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Earth Sciences [0838395] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Office of Integrative Activities
- Office Of The Director [1125185] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Switching between seismic-only harmonic tremor (SHT) and seismo-acoustic harmonic tremor (SAHT) has been reported at few volcanoes worldwide, but its occurrence may indicate important changes in shallow conduit conditions. Switching was simulated in a laboratory experiment in which harmonic signals were produced with a flow-driven valve and compressed air. The harmonic signals were passed through a tank of shear-thinning viscoelastic fluid, and the resulting signals were recorded. At high fluid stiffness, a stable, open conduit was produced, and the harmonic signals generated within the experimental apparatus were efficiently transmitted into the atmosphere. At lower fluid stiffness, bubbling dominated the activity, stable pathways were not generated in the fluid, and HT was not recorded in the atmosphere. These results are compared to observations of switching at Fuego volcano, Guatemala. We conclude that at intermediate magma viscosities, the development of stable degassing pathways open to the atmosphere will allow HT generated in the conduit to be transmitted into the atmosphere. Further, subtle changes in magma properties and supply rate may control whether SHT or SAHT is recorded, providing information about the state of the shallow conduit and vent at active volcanoes. Citation: Lyons J. J., M. Ichihara, A. Kurokawa, and J. M. Lees (2013), Switching between seismic and seismo-acoustic harmonic tremor simulated in the laboratory: Insights into the role of open degassing channels and magma viscosity, J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth, 118, 277-289, doi: 10.1002/jgrb.50067.
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