Journal
SPRINGERPLUS
Volume 1, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG
DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-1-76
Keywords
Cow dung; Solid-state fermentation; Bacillus subtilis strain VV; Alkaline protease; Detergent-stable
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Funding
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
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Cow dung, a cheap and easily available source of energy, was used as the substrate for the production of alkaline protease by solid-state fermentation using the Bacillus subtilis strain VV. In order to achieve the maximum yield of this enzyme, the following optimum process parameters are needed: fermentation period (72 h), pH (10.0), moisture content (140%), inoculum (25%), temperature (30-40 degrees C), carbon source (2% (w/w) maltose) and nitrogen source (1% (w/w) urea). The protease was stable over a broad temperature range (30-50 degrees C) and pH (8.0-10.0), with maximum activity at 50 degrees C and pH 10.0. Among the divalent ions tested, Ca2+ (0.01 M) increased enzyme activity. The purified protease, after being subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, was found to have a molecular mass of 38.5 kDa. The enzyme was solvent-and surfactant-stable and showed activity even after 24 h incubation along with various commercially available detergents. This enzyme possessed dehairing properties for animal hide after 16 h of incubation at room temperature. From these results it is evident that cow dung is a potential substrate for the production of a detergent-stable, dehairing protease by B. subtilis. This enzyme has a lot of potential applications in the detergent and leather-processing industries.
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