Journal
NEOPLASIA
Volume 11, Issue 10, Pages 1036-1041Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1593/neo.09752
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute [R01 CA116616]
- Hillman Innovative Cancer Research Award
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute
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Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). Our recent studies have shown that one important mechanism of HTLV-I-mediated tumorigenesis is through PDZ-LIM domain-containing protein 2 (PDLIM2) repression, although the involved mechanism remains unknown. Here, we further report that HTLV-I-mediated PDLIM2 repression was a pathophysiological event and the PDLIM2 repression involved DNA methylation. Whereas DNA methyltransferases 1 and 3b but not 3a were upregulated in HTLV-I-transformed T cells, the hypomethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) restored PDLIM2 expression and induced death of these malignant cells. Notably, the PDLIM2 repression was independent of the viral regulatory protein Tax because neither short-term induction nor long-term stable expression of Tax could downregulate PDLIM2 expression. These studies provide important insights into PDLIM2 regulation, HTLV-I leukemogenicity, long latency, and cancer health disparities. Given the efficient antitumor activity with no obvious toxicity of 5-aza-dC, these studies also suggest potential therapeutic strategies for ATL.
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