Journal
CURRENT OSTEOPOROSIS REPORTS
Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages 278-285Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11914-012-0117-0
Keywords
Osteoporosis; Sclerostin; Bone mineral density; Spinal cord injury; Mechanical unloading
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Funding
- NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR059270] Funding Source: Medline
- NICHD NIH HHS [L30 HD056721] Funding Source: Medline
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Spinal cord injury causes rapid, severe osteoporosis with increased fracture risk. Mechanical unloading after paralysis results in increased osteocyte expression of sclerostin, suppressed bone formation, and indirect stimulation of bone resorption. At this time, there are no clinical guidelines to prevent bone loss after SCI, and fractures are common. More research is required to define the pathophysiology and epidemiology of SCI-induced osteoporosis. This review summarizes emerging therapeutics including anti-sclerostin antibodies, mechanical loading of the lower extremity with electrical stimulation, and mechanical stimulation via vibration therapy.
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