Journal
PEERJ
Volume 2, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PEERJ INC
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.242
Keywords
Xanthomonas; Rice; XA21; Outer membrane vesicles; Secretion; PAMPs; Plant immunity
Categories
Funding
- US-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF) [2011062]
- Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD) [FI-433-10]
- Human Frontier Science Program
- Agropolis Foundation [1200-003]
- Fulbright-Tocqueville Distinguished Chair Award
- [NIH GM55962]
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Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play an important role in detecting invading pathogens and mounting a robust defense response to restrict infection. In rice, one of the best characterized PRRs is XA21, a leucine rich repeat receptor-like kinase that confers broad-spectrum resistance to multiple strains of the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). In 2009 we reported that an Xoo protein, called Ax21, is secreted by a type I-secretion system and that it serves to activate XA21-mediated immunity. This report has recently been retracted. Here we present data that corrects our previous model. We first show that Ax21 secretion does not depend on the predicted type I secretion systemand that it is processed by the general secretion (Sec) system. We further show that Ax21 is an outer membrane protein, secreted in association with outer membrane vesicles. Finally, we provide data showing that ax21 knockout strains do not overcome XA21-mediated immunity.
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