Journal
CANCER MEDICINE
Volume 3, Issue 4, Pages 737-746Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.239
Keywords
Bladder; bone; cancer; colorectal; G-CSF; glioma; GM-SF; lung; melanoma; metastasis; prostate
Categories
Funding
- Federal Clinical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology
- UMA Foundation
- Russian Foundation for Basic Research [12-04-33094]
- Program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences Dynamics and Conservation of Genomes
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Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) modulate progression of certain solid tumors. The G-CSF- or GM-CSF-secreting cancers, albeit not very common are, however, among the most rapidly advancing ones due to a cytokine-mediated immune suppression and angiogenesis. Similarly, de novo angiogenesis and vasculogenesis may complicate adjuvant use of recombinant G-CSF or GM-CSF thus possibly contributing to a cancer relapse. Rapid diagnostic tools to differentiate G-CSF- or GM-CSF-secreting cancers are not well developed therefore hindering efforts to individualize treatments for these patients. Given an increasing utilization of adjuvant G-/GM-CSF in cancer therapy, we aimed to summarize recent studies exploring their roles in pathophysiology of solid tumors and to provide insights into some complexities of their therapeutic applications.
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