Journal
MICROMACHINES
Volume 9, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/mi9090473
Keywords
silicon neural probes; LED chip; thermoresistance; temperature monitoring; optogenetics
Categories
Funding
- Innovation Team for Chongqing Higher Education Construction Plan on Smart Micro/Nano-Systems Technology and Applications [CXTDX201601025]
- Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), MIT Portugal Program [PD/BD/105931/2014]
- FCT [UID/EEA/04436/2013]
- FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020-Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizacao (POCI) [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006941, PTDC/CTM-REF/28406/2017 (02/SAICT/2017)]
- FEDER funds through Portugal 2020, COMPETE 2020 [POCI-01-0247-FEDER-003416]
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In optogenetic studies, the brain is exposed to high-power light sources and inadequate power density or exposure time can cause cell damage from overheating (typically temperature increasing of 2 degrees C). In order to overcome overheating issues in optogenetics, this paper presents a neural tool capable of assessing tissue temperature over time, combined with the capability of electrical recording and optical stimulation. A silicon-based 8 mm long probe was manufactured to reach deep neural structures. The final proof-of-concept device comprises a double-sided function: on one side, an optrode with LED-based stimulation and platinum (Pt) recording points; and, on the opposite side, a Pt-based thin-film thermoresistance (RTD) for temperature assessing in the photostimulation site surroundings. Pt thin-films for tissue interface were chosen due to its biocompatibility and thermal linearity. A single-shaft probe is demonstrated for integration in a 3D probe array. A 3D probe array will reduce the distance between the thermal sensor and the heating source. Results show good recording and optical features, with average impedance magnitude of 371 k Omega, at 1 kHz, and optical power of 1.2 mW.mm(2) (at 470 nm), respectively. The manufactured RTD showed resolution of 0.2 degrees C at 37 degrees C (normal body temperature). Overall, the results show a device capable of meeting the requirements of a neural interface for recording/stimulating of neural activity and monitoring temperature profile of the photostimulation site surroundings, which suggests a promising tool for neuroscience research filed.
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