Verification and validation of simulation models

Verification and validation of simulation models are discussed in this paper. Three approaches to deciding model validity are described, two paradigms that relate verification and validation to the model development process are presented, and various validation techniques are defined. Conceptual model validity, model verification, operational validity, and data validity are discussed. A way to document results is given, and a recommended procedure for model validation is presented. Journal of Simulation (2013) 7, 12-24. doi:10.1057/jos.2012.20; published online 7 December 2012