Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
Volume 2, Issue 4, Pages 100-104Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.5b00041
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Funding
- Environment Canada's Chemicals Management Plan (CMP)
- Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada
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We report for the first time either in vitro or in vivo the phase 1 hydroxylation and phase 11 conjugation metabolic pathways of an organophosphate flame retardant, triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), in addition to diphenyl phosphate hepatocyte (CEH) assay, TPHP was phase I metabolized to p-and m-hydroxy-TPHP metabolites, which were largely present in the assay medium and cells as phase 11 conjugates with glucuronic acid. After treatment with beta-glucuronidase, deconjugated p-OH-TPHP was present in both the medium and cells at increasing concentrations of 0.073 +/- 0.003, 1.95 +/- 0.03, and 2.10 +/- 0.09 nmol/well at CEH incubation time points of 0, 12, and 36 h, respectively. Similarly, after beta-glucuronidase treatment, there were increasing m-OH-TPHP concentrations of 0.0050 +/- 0.0005, 0.18 +/- 0.01, and 0.18 +/- 0.01 nmol/well p-OH-TPHP at 36 h accounted for 60% of the initial TPHP treatment concentration, which was 3.5- or 12-fold greater than that of the DPHP or m-OH-TPHP metabolites, respectively. Overall, in TPHP-exposed organisms, this study demonstrates the importance of phase I and II metabolic processes in the biological fate of TPHP.
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