Electrodeposited 3D porous silicon/copper films with excellent stability and high rate performance for lithium-ion batteries

We report a simple two-step fabrication process of 3D porous Si/copper films by an electrodeposition method using a hydrogen gas bubble template. A 3D porous Si/copper film provides a large surface area, a highly conductive pathway, a short ion diffusion length, and buffer spaces to accommodate the stress during the cycling processes.