Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
Volume 2, Issue 17, Pages 6146-6152Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c3ta14165a
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Funding
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation
- Swedish Energy Agency
- Swedish Research Council
- Chalmers' Areas of Advance Energy, Materials Science and Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- Linnaeus Centre for Bioinspired Supramolecular Function and Design (SUPRA)
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Thermal annealing of non-crystalline polymer: fullerene blends typically results in a drastic decrease in solar cell performance. In particular aggressive annealing above the glass transition temperature results in a detrimental coarsening of the blend nanostructure. We demonstrate that mild annealing below the glass transition temperature is a viable avenue to control the nanostructure of a non-crystalline thiophene-quinoxaline copolymer: fullerene blend. Direct imaging methods indicate that coarsening of the blend nanostructure can be avoided. However, a combination of absorption and luminescence spectroscopy reveals that local changes in the polymer conformation as well as limited fullerene aggregation are permitted to occur. As a result, we are able to optimise the solar cell performance evenly across different positions of the coated area, which is a necessary criterion for large-scale, high throughput production.
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