Thermo-molded self-healing thermoplastics containing multilayer microreactors

Here in this work we propose a thermally molded self-healing thermoplastic polymer containing a multilayer microcapsule-type microreactor. The latter consists of an isolated monomer and catalyst system. As the first proof-of-concept composites, commercial plastics polystyrene (PS) filled with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)-loaded microreactors are reported. The specially designed structure of the microreactors enables them to be robust enough to survive the thermal processing already widely used in the plastics industry, like melt mixing under shear and compression molding. Upon damage of the composites and microreactors, the GMA monomer is released to the cracks and its atom transfer radical polymerization is triggered when it passes by the catalyst layer. The polymerized GMA serves as a macromolecular adhesive, which not only fills up the interstitial gap of the cracks but also is anchored to the sub-surface of the matrix forming mechanical interlocking, offering satisfactory healing efficiency at room temperature. By changing the species of healing monomer, catalyst and wall substances, the microreactors can meet the versatile requirements of different polymers, so that the approach is provided with broad applicability.