Effects of Green Coffee Extract Supplementation on Oxidative Stress, Systemic and Vascular Inflammation in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Metabolic syndrome (Mets) is accompanied by oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation. Green coffee is rich in polyphenols called chlorogenic acids (CGA), which possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative characteristics. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of green coffee extract (GCE) on the oxidative stress as well as the systemic and vascular inflammation in patients having Mets. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2016 in Iran. Forty-three individuals (21 in the intervention and 22 in the control group) with Mets were randomly assigned to take 400 mg GCE supplements twice a day in the intervention group or placebo capsules in the control group for 8 - weeks. The serum levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluated at the beginning and 8 - weeks after the intervention. Results: No significant discrepancy was observed regarding serum levels of IL-6, MDA, hs-CRP, and ICAM-1 between the intervention and control group at the beginning and the end of the trial. After eight weeks of intervention, the mean changes of IL6 in the treatment and the placebo group were respectively (-0.73 +/- 2.65 VS 1.70 +/- 10.51 Pg/mL, P value = 0.3), hs-CRP (-0.28 +/- 3.12 VS -0.08 +/- 4.15mg/L, P value = 0.86), MDA (0.44 +/- 1.68 VS 0.32 +/- 2.28 mu mol/L, P value = 0.84), and ICAM-1 (-0.05 +/- 0.45 VS 0.02 +/- 0.45 ng/mL, P value = 0.54). Conclusions: In this trial, the green coffee extract (GCE) administration did not affect oxidative stress, systemic, and vascular inflammation in subjects with metabolic syndrome.