4.7 Review

Getting to the roots of it: genetic and hormonal control of root architecture

Journal

FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
Volume 4, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00186

Keywords

root growth; root development; hormone interactions; root system architecture; genetics; rice; O. sativa

Categories

Funding

  1. NSF Plant Genome Research Program Award [0265555]
  2. USDA National Needs Fellowship from the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Ex-tension Service, U.S. Department- of Agriculture [2007-38420-17748]
  3. Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems
  4. Direct For Biological Sciences [1026555] Funding Source: National Science Foundation

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Root system architecture (RSA) the spatial configuration of a root system is an important developmental and agronomic trait, with implications for overall plant architecture, growth rate and yield, abiotic stress resistance, nutrient uptake, and developmental plasticity in response to environmental changes. Root architecture is modulated by intrinsic, hormone-mediated pathways, intersecting with pathways that perceive and respond to external, environmental signals. The recent development of several non-invasive 2D and 3D root imaging systems has enhanced our ability to accurately observe and quantify architectural traits on complex whole-root systems. Coupled with the powerful markerbased genotyping and sequencing platforms currently available, these root phenotyping technologies lend themselves to large-scale genome-wide association studies, and can speed the identification and characterization of the genes and pathways involved in root system development. This capability provides the foundation for examining the contribution of root architectural traits to the performance of crop varieties in diverse environments. This review focuses on our current understanding of the genes and pathways involved in determining RSA in response to both intrinsic and extrinsic (environmental) response pathways, and provides a brief overview of the latest root system phenotyping technologies and their potential impact on elucidating the genetic control of root development in plants.

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