Journal
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 5, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00268
Keywords
microbially influenced corrosion; acetogens; methanogens; sulfate-reducing bacteria; microbial community; pyrosequencing
Categories
Funding
- NSERC Industrial Research Chair Award
- BP America Production Co.
- Baker Hughes Canada
- Computer Modeling Group Limited
- ConocoPhillips Company
- Dow Microbial Control
- Enerplus Corporation
- Intertek Commercial Microbiology
- Oil Search (PNG) Limited
- Shell Global Solutions International
- Suncor Energy Inc.
- Yara Norge AS
- Alberta Innovates-Energy and Environment Solutions
- Genome Canada
- Genome Alberta
- Government of Alberta
- Genome BC
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Microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) of iron (Fe-0) by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SR B) has been studied extensively. Through a mechanism, that is still poorly understood, electrons or hydrogen (H-2) molecules are removed from the metal surface and used as electron donor for sulfate reduction. The resulting ferrous ions precipitate in part with the sulfide produced, forming characteristic black iron sulfide. Hydrogenotrophic methanogens can also contribute to MIC. Incubation of pipeline water samples, containing bicarbonate and some sulfate, in serum bottles with steel coupons and a headspace of 10% (vol/vol) CO2 and 90% N-2, indicated formation of acetate and methane. Incubation of these samples in serum bottles, containing medium with coupons and bicarbonate but no sulfate, also indicated that formation of acetate preceded the formation of methane. Microbial community analyses of these enrichments indicated the presence of Acetobacterium, as well as of hydrogenotrophic and acetotrophic methanogens. The formation of acetate by homoacetogens, such as Acetobacterium woodii from H-2 (or Fe-0) and CO2, is potentially important, because acetate is a required carbon source for many SRB growing with H-2 and sulfate. A consortium of the SRB Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough and A. woodii was able to grow in defined medium with H-2, CO2, and sulfate, because A. woodii provides the acetate, needed by D. vulgaris under these conditions. Likewise, general corrosion rates of metal coupons incubated with D. vulgaris in the presence of acetate or in the presence of A. woodii were higher than in the absence of acetate or A. woodii, respectively. An extended MIC model capturing these results is presented.
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