Journal
ELIFE
Volume 3, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELIFE SCIENCES PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.02076
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Funding
- US National Institutes of Health [R01 NS072406, R01 DC04154, K01 NS069617, T32 MH020016]
- Weston Havens Foundation
- US National Science Foundation, Fellowsip from Stanford Mind Brain Computation IGERT [0801700]
- US National Science Foundation, Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-114747]
- Division Of Graduate Education
- Direct For Education and Human Resources [0801700] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Cerebellar climbing fiber activity encodes performance errors during many motor learning tasks, but the role of these error signals in learning has been controversial. We compared two motor learning paradigms that elicited equally robust putative error signals in the same climbing fibers: learned increases and decreases in the gain of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). During VOR-increase training, climbing fiber activity on one trial predicted changes in cerebellar output on the next trial, and optogenetic activation of climbing fibers to mimic their encoding of performance errors was sufficient to implant a motor memory. In contrast, during VOR-decrease training, there was no trial-by-trial correlation between climbing fiber activity and changes in cerebellar output, and climbing fiber activation did not induce VOR-decrease learning. Our data suggest that the ability of climbing fibers to induce plasticity can be dynamically gated in vivo, even under conditions where climbing fibers are robustly activated by performance errors.
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