Journal
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
Volume 1, Issue 4, Pages 260-270Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/ab500149p
Keywords
silk; scaffold; soft tissue engineering; lyophilized sponge; biomaterial
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Funding
- NIH [NIH P41 EB002520, EY020856]
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program [NSF DGE 0806676]
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research
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We present a silk biomaterial platform with highly tunable mechanical and degradation properties for engineering and regeneration of soft tissues such as, skin, adipose, and neural tissue, with elasticity properties in the kilopascal range. Lyophilized silk sponges were prepared under different process conditions and the effect of silk molecular weight, concentration and crystallinity on 3D scaffold formation, structural integrity, morphology, mechanical and degradation properties, and cell interactions in vitro and in vivo were studied. Tuning the molecular weight distribution (via degumming time) of silk allowed the formation of stable, highly porous, 3D scaffolds that held form with silk concentrations as low as 0.5% wt/v. Mechanical properties were a function of silk concentration and scaffold degradation was driven by beta-sheet content. Lyophilized silk sponges supported the adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells throughout 3D scaffolds, cell proliferation in vitro, and cell infiltration and scaffold remodeling when implanted subcutaneously in vivo.
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