Journal
TOXINS
Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 139-156Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/toxins4020139
Keywords
circular protein; cyclic peptide; cyclotide; cystine knot; insecticide; kalata B1
Categories
Funding
- Australian Research Council [DP0984390]
- National Health and Medical Research Council [APP1009267]
- Australian Research Council [DP0984390] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
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Cyclotides are plant mini-proteins whose natural function is thought to be to protect plants from pest or pathogens, particularly insect pests. They are approximately 30 amino acids in size and are characterized by a cyclic peptide backbone and a cystine knot arrangement of three conserved disulfide bonds. This article provides an overview of the reported pesticidal or toxic activities of cyclotides, discusses a possible common mechanism of action involving disruption of biological membranes in pest species, and describes methods that can be used to produce cyclotides for potential applications as novel pesticidal agents.
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