Journal
PLOS GENETICS
Volume 7, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002033
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [N01-HC-55015, N01-HC-55016, N01-HC-55018, N01-HC-55019, N01-HC-55020, N01-HC-55021, N01-HC-55022, R01HL087641, R01HL59367, R01HL086694, HL 043851, HL69757]
- National Human Genome Research Institute [U01HG004402]
- NIH [HSN268200625226C, UL1RR025005, HHSN268200782096C, HL35464, CA55075]
- NCI [CA 40356, U01-CA98233, P01CA087969, P01CA055075, CA 047988]
- NIH Genes, Environment, and Health Initiative (GEI) [U01HG004402, U01HG004738, U01HG004422, U01HG004729, U01HG004726, 01HG004735, U01HG004415, U01HG004436, U01HG004423, U01HG004728, AHG006033, U01HG004438]
- NIH Institute, NIDCR [U01DE018993, U01DE018903]
- NIH Institute, NIAAA [U10AA008401]
- NIH Institute, NIDA [P01CA089392, 01DA013423]
- NIH Institute, NCI [CA63464, CA54281, CA136792, Z01CP010200]
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) [R01DK058845, 5P01DK070756]
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS
- Donald W. Reynolds Foundation
- Fondation Leducq
- Amgen
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
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We report the first genome-wide association study of habitual caffeine intake. We included 47,341 individuals of European descent based on five population-based studies within the United States. In a meta-analysis adjusted for age, sex, smoking, and eigenvectors of population variation, two loci achieved genome-wide significance: 7p21 (P = 2.4x10(-19)), near AHR, and 15q24 (P = 5.2x10(-14)), between CYP1A1 and CYP1A2. Both the AHR and CYP1A2 genes are biologically plausible candidates as CYP1A2 metabolizes caffeine and AHR regulates CYP1A2.
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