Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
Volume 2015, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
HINDAWI LTD
DOI: 10.1155/2015/162639
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Funding
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CCU/UR3 418652, U01 CI 000211]
- Tulane University Research Enhancement Award
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To examine human gene expression during uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria, we obtained three samples (acute illness, treatment, and recovery) from 10 subjects and utilized each subject's recovery sample as their baseline. At the time of acute illness (day 1), subjects had upregulation of innate immune response, cytokine, and inflammation-related genes (IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF, and IFN-gamma), which was more frequent with parasitemias >100,000 per mu L and body temperatures >= 39 degrees C. Apoptosis-related genes (Fas, BAX, and TP53) were upregulated acutely and for several days thereafter (days 1-3). In contrast, the expression of immune-modulatory (transcription factor 7, HLV-DOA, and CD6) and apoptosis inhibitory (c-myc, caspase 8, and Fas Ligand G) genes was downregulated initially and returned to normal with clinical recovery (days 7-10). These results indicate that the innate immune response, cytokine, and apoptosis pathways are upregulated acutely in uncomplicated malaria with concomitant downregulation of immune-modulatory and apoptosis inhibitory genes.
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