Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
Volume 11, Issue 7, Pages 7207-7230Publisher
MDPI AG
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110707207
Keywords
forest bathing (Shinrin-yoku); psychological outcome; restorativeness; vitalization; emotion
Funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- Academy of Finland under the Japan-Finland Bilateral Core Program
- Forest Therapy Station initiative
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [25350875] Funding Source: KAKEN
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The present study investigated the well-being effects of short-term forest walking and viewing (forest bathing). The hypothesis in our study was that both environment (forest vs. urban) and activity (walking and viewing) would influence psychological outcomes. An additional aim was to enhance basic research using several psychological methods. We conducted the experiments using 45 respondents in four areas of Japan from August to September, 2011. The hypothesis in our study was supported, because significant interaction terms between the environment and activity were confirmed regarding the Profile of Mood States (POMS) indexes, Restorative Outcome Scale (ROS) and Subjective Vitality Scale (SVS). No statistical differences between the two experimental groups in any of the ten scales were found before the experiment. However, feelings of vigor and positive effects, as well as feelings of subjective recovery and vitality were stronger in the forest environment than in the urban environment.
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