Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
Volume 9, Issue 2, Pages 531-547Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph9020531
Keywords
seasonality; suicide; prevention
Funding
- NIH [R01MH074891]
- American Foundation for Suicide Prevention
- Republic of Korea Forest Service [S111111L020100]
- National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency [NM 11-003]
- Psychiatry Residency Training Program/St.Elizabeth Hospital, Washington DC
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A seasonal suicide peak in spring is highly replicated, but its specific cause is unknown. We reviewed the literature on suicide risk factors which can be associated with seasonal variation of suicide rates, assessing published articles from 1979 to 2011. Such risk factors include environmental determinants, including physical, chemical, and biological factors. We also summarized the influence of potential demographic and clinical characteristics such as age, gender, month of birth, socioeconomic status, methods of prior suicide attempt, and comorbid psychiatric and medical diseases. Comprehensive evaluation of risk factors which could be linked to the seasonal variation in suicide is important, not only to identify the major driving force for the seasonality of suicide, but also could lead to better suicide prevention in general.
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