Journal
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages 778-796Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.4161/hv.27332
Keywords
peptide vaccine; adjuvant; dendritic cell; toll-like receptor; vaccine delivery
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Funding
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia
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Peptide-based subunit vaccines are of great interest in modern immunotherapy as they are safe, easy to produce and well defined. However, peptide antigens produce a relatively weak immune response, and thus require the use of immunostimulants (adjuvants) for optimal efficacy. Developing a safe and effective adjuvant remains a challenge for peptide-based vaccine design. Recent advances in immunology have allowed researchers to have a better understanding of the immunological implication of related diseases, which facilitates more rational design of adjuvant systems. Understanding the molecular structure of the adjuvants allows the establishment of their structure-activity relationships which is useful for the development of next-generation adjuvants. This review summarizes the current state of adjuvants development in the field of synthetic peptide-based vaccines. The structural, chemical and biological properties of adjuvants associated with their immunomodulatory effects are discussed.
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