Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
Volume 2, Issue 3, Pages 287-293Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2012.03.008
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Funding
- NIH [RO1 AI057483, R21 AI1090413, R01 AI15608, R01 HL33391, U19 AI83024, 5R43 AI085683, 5RO1 AI066367, 5T32 AI007496-17]
- Henkel, Inc
- Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development
- Novartis
- Cove Creek Foundation
- University of Virginia Children's Hospital
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Since its discovery in 1956, rhinovirus (RV) has been recognized as the most important virus producing the common cold syndrome. Despite its ubiquity, little is known concerning the pathogenesis of RV infections, and some of the research in this area has led to contradictions regarding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of RV-induced illness. In this article, we discuss the pathogenesis of this virus as it relates to RV-induced illness in the upper and lower airway, an issue of considerable interest in view of the minimal cytopathology associated with RV infection. We endeavor to explain why many infected individuals exhibit minimal symptoms or remain asymptomatic, while others, especially those with asthma, may have severe, even life-threatening, complications (sequelae). Finally, we discuss the immune responses to RV in the normal and asthmatic host focusing on RV infection and epithelial barrier integrity and maintenance as well as the impact of the innate and adaptive immune responses to RV on epithelial function.
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