Journal
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-10-13
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Funding
- Yrjo Jahnsson foundation
- HUS EVO funds
- Finnish Anti-tuberculosis Foundation Association
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Background: Smoking cessation is the best possible way to prevent the progression of smoking related airway diseases. However, the effect and time scale of smoking cessation on airway inflammation/remodelling are largely unknown. This prospective study evaluated the effects of smoking cessation on induced sputum (IS) neutrophils, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-7, -8, -9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1). Methods: A total of 61 subjects participated in the study; 17 stopped smoking for 3 months and 9 for 6 months. The proportion of IS neutrophils and the levels of MMPs and TIMP-1 by ELISA were determined at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after cessation. Results: In the smokers, baseline IS neutrophils, MMPs and TIMP-1 were significantly higher compared to nonsmokers. Levels of MMP-7, -8 and TIMP-1 decreased nearly to those of non-smokers but the levels of MMP-9 increased significantly from the baseline of the same subjects at 3 months after cessation (p = 0.009) with no significant decline at 6 months after cessation. Conclusions: Sputum MMP-9 remained elevated after 6 months of smoking cessation, which may contribute to ongoing lung damage typical of COPD.
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