Journal
AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH
Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 307-315Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11869-012-0173-8
Keywords
Biomass smoke; COPD; Oxidative stress; Platelet activation; Inflammation; Pre-menopausal Indian women
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Funding
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India
- Central Pollution Control Board under Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India
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We aimed to compare the cardiovascular risk in biomass-using women with or without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A total of 22 biomass-using married women with COPD and 24 matched controls with normal lung function were enrolled for this purpose. Platelet P-selectin (P-sel) expression and platelet-leukocyte aggregation were determined using flow cytometry. Platelet aggregation by collagen was measured by aggregometer. Soluble P-selectin (sP-sel), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-8, -6, -10 (IL-8, IL-6, IL-10), neutrophil-activating protein-2 (NAP-2), C-reactive protein (CRP), oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in plasma were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by leukocytes was measured by flow cytometry, and erythrocyte content of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was measured by spectrophotometry. Particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 mu m (PM2.5) in indoor air was measured by real-time aerosol monitor. Compared with control, biomass users with COPD had increased expression of platelet P-selectin, elevated levels of sP-sel, oxLDL, TNF-alpha, IL-8, IL-6, NAP-2, CRP, lowered IL-10 and more circulating platelet-neutrophil (p < 0.0001) and platelet-monocyte (p < 0.0001) aggregates. ROS generation was increased by 19.5% while SOD was depleted by 32% in women with COPD. Biomass smoke-induced COPD is associated with excess cardiovascular risk via oxidative stress, platelet activation, and inflammation.
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