Journal
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
Volume 4, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400391
Keywords
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Funding
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) [08/RP1/B1376, 08/IN1/B2072, 06/CE/B1129]
- Nanoremedies Programme under the Programme for Research in Third-Level Institutions
- European Regional Development Fund
- Erasmus Mundus Gulf Countries Postdoctoral Fellowship
- Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship
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Multifunctional nanoparticles that actively target-specific tissues are studied for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Magnetically and optically active particles are of particular interest because they enable multiple imaging modalities and physically modulated therapies, such as magnetic hyperthermia. Fe-Au nanorods are synthesized that have a long iron segment, coated with polyethylene glycol, and a short gold tip functionalized with heregulin (HRG), a known ligand of ErbB family of receptors. HRG-nanorods preferentially target MCF7 cells relative to MDA-MB-231 cells, as demonstrated in a novel microfluidics device. Targeting rates of these classical breast cancer cells correlate with their differential expression of ErbB2/3 receptors. HRG-nanorod binding stimulates the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK) phosphorylation in MCF7 cells. The increase in ERK phosphorylation is linked to active zones, dynamic regions in the cell periphery, which exhibit higher rates of particle binding than the rest of the cell. Periodically stretching cells using magnetic tweezers further activates ERK, which leads to cell death in cells co-treated with B-Raf inhibitors, through ERK hyperactivation. Although to a lesser extent, cell death is also achieved through magnetic hyperthermia. These results demonstrate nanoscale targeting and localized mechanochemical treatment of specific cancer cell lines based on their receptor expression using multifunctional nanoparticles.
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